Micro linear actuators are increasingly finding their way into outdoor applications—from unmanned submarine control systems to agricultural automation, mobile robotics and prosthetics that go everywhere the user does. These compact devices offer reliable motion in a small package, but using them outdoors can require some special consideration. Getting the most from your micro linear actuators when using them outdoors requires some planning.
This article covers key environmental factors and practical design strategies to help you protect your actuators and ensure reliable performance in outdoor settings.
Environmental Conditions to Plan For
Outdoor environments are inherently less predictable than indoor, controlled spaces. A well-protected actuator can last for years in tough conditions, but that starts with understanding what the device will be exposed to.
Temperature extremes—from freezing winters to sweltering summers—can affect actuator performance. Most Actuonix actuators operate within -10°C to +50°C. We always recommend that you do your own application-specific testing, and this is even more important if you're operating near your device's temperature limits.
Moisture and precipitation—including rain, snow, humidity, and condensation—must be considered when mounting your actuator. Moisture ingress can lead to corrosion and early actuator failure.
Dust, sand, and airborne particulates can accelerate wear on moving parts and may enter housing if the actuator is not adequately protected. This is particularly relevant in agricultural, desert, or construction environments.
Understanding Ingress Protection (IP) Ratings
Ingress Protection (IP) ratings define how well an actuator resists dust and water entry. For example, an IP54-rated actuator is protected against limited dust ingress and water spray. However, IP ratings are often tested under static conditions, and they don't always reflect the challenges of real-world outdoor use such as wind, mounting angle and regularity of exposure.
For applications where the actuator is actively exposed to weather or debris, relying solely on an IP rating may not be sufficient. In many cases, adding a physical enclosure or housing is a better solution. This keeps the actuator out of direct contact with water, dust, or UV light while allowing it to perform its function reliably.
Protecting Your Actuator from the Elements
To extend actuator life outdoors, consider using a sealed or vented enclosure. These provide an extra layer of defense against moisture and particulates. If using an enclosure isn’t possible, at minimum, mount the actuator so that water doesn’t collect or flow directly into any openings. Avoid mounting the actuator with the rod pointing upward unless absolutely necessary.
Drainage is another key design element. Ensure that any water that enters the housing or collects near the actuator has a way to escape. Drain holes can go a long way in preventing long-term moisture buildup.
Weather-Resistant Electrical Connections
A reliable actuator is only as good as its electrical connection. Outdoor wiring should always be sealed properly to prevent water ingress. This can include using waterproof connectors, dielectric grease and heat-shrink tubing where possible.
Strain relief is also important, especially where cables exit enclosures or see frequent motion. This helps prevent fatigue or breaks that could let moisture in.
Be sure to route cables in a way that avoids water pooling near connectors and secure them to prevent strain at the terminals.
Which Actuonix Products Are Best Suited for Outdoor Use?
Some Actuonix actuator models are better suited for demanding outdoor conditions than others. The P16 and T16 series are commonly used in outdoor applications due to their higher force capability and more robust components.
In general, outdoor use cases justify specifying a more robust actuator than you would for indoor use. Larger actuators have larger motors and internal components that are better equipped to handle exposure to particulates, moisture and fluctuating temperatures.
Conclusion
Outdoor environments present a unique set of challenges for micro linear actuators—but with proper planning and protection, they can perform reliably in these demanding conditions. From understanding environmental factors and ingress protection, to using durable materials and sealing electrical connections, each step helps extend the life of your actuator.
If you're unsure which Actuonix product best fits your application, reach out to our sales team and we’ll be happy to help you choose the right solution for your application.
Common Questions About Using Micro Actuators Outdoors
Do I need a waterproof actuator for outdoor use?
Not always. Many outdoor applications work well with standard actuators when they are properly enclosed and mounted to avoid direct exposure to rain, snow, or debris.
Can I mount an actuator with the rod facing upward?
This is generally discouraged in outdoor environments. Water can collect around the base of the shaft, increasing the risk of ingress. If upward orientation is required, use a boot or enclosure to protect the exposed rod.
How can I prevent condensation inside actuator enclosures?
Use vented or breathable enclosures, and consider adding desiccant packs inside to help absorb moisture that may accumulate over time due to temperature swings.
What electrical connectors should I use outdoors?
Use IP67 or higher-rated waterproof connectors. Applying dielectric grease and sealing with heat-shrink tubing can also enhance reliability in wet conditions.
How often should I inspect actuators used outdoors?
Check outdoor actuators at least every few months, especially after exposure to harsh weather. Look for corrosion, seal wear, and fraying wires to ensure continued reliability.
Need Help Choosing the Right Outdoor Actuator?
If you’re designing a system for the outdoors, choosing the right actuator is critical. At Actuonix, we offer a wide range of compact actuators suited for demanding environments. Whether it’s robotics, agriculture, or remote automation, we can help.
Contact our team today for expert advice or visit our full actuator catalog to explore your options.